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Morphology, ontogenesis and molecular phylogeny of Platynematum salinarum nov. spec., a new scuticociliate (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia) from a solar saltern
Foissner, W.; Jung, J.-H.; Filker, S.; Rudolph, J.; Stoeck, T. (2014). Morphology, ontogenesis and molecular phylogeny of Platynematum salinarum nov. spec., a new scuticociliate (Ciliophora, Scuticociliatia) from a solar saltern. Eur. J. Protistol. 50(2): 174-184. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ejop.2013.10.001
In: European Journal of Protistology. Elsevier: Jena. ISSN 0932-4739; e-ISSN 1618-0429, more
Peer reviewed article  
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Keywords
    Marine Sciences
    Marine Sciences > Marine Sciences General
    Scientific Community
    Scientific Publication
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    Biodiversity; Cinetochilidae; Extremophile ciliates; Hypersalineciliates; Platynematum marinum; Portugal
Project Top | Authors 
  • Association of European marine biological laboratories, more
Authors  Top 
  • Foissner, W.
  • Jung, J.-H.
  • Filker, S.
  • Rudolph, J.
  • Stoeck, T.
Abstract
    Platynematum salinarum nov. spec. was discovered in a hypersaline (∼120‰) solar saltern in Portugal. Its morphology, ontogenesis, and 18S rRNA were studied with routine methods. Platynematum salinarum has a size of about 35 μm × 18 μm and differs from other platynematids (= Platynematum and PseudoPlatynematum) in having an only slightly flattened body without any spines or notches. Both, the oral and somatic infraciliature resemble other platynematids and the tetrahymenid pattern in general. The ontogenesis is scuticobuccokinetal, being unique in generating protomembranelle 1 from kinetids produced by the paroral membrane of the proter and of the scutica. This composite divides transversely: the right half becomes the paroral membrane of the opisthe, the left half transforms to opisthe's adoral membranelle 1. The scutica and the molecular sequence classify P. salinarum into the order Scuticociliatida, family Cinetochilidae. The 18S rRNA sequence shows 92.7% similarity to the closest relative deposited in public databases (the scuticociliate Sathrophilus holtae), and our study provides the first sequence for the genus Platynematum. Experiments at different salinities show growth between 120‰ and 300‰, survival at 100‰, and cell death around 60‰ salinity, characterizing P. salinarum as a true halophile.
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