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Occurrence of bisphenols and benzophenone UV filters in white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) from Smola, Norway
Oró-Nolla, B.; Lacorte, S.; Vike-Jonas, K.; Gonzalez, S.V.; Nygard, T.; Asimakopoulos, A.G.; Jaspers, V.L.B. (2021). Occurrence of bisphenols and benzophenone UV filters in white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) from Smola, Norway. Toxics 9(2): 34. https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/toxics9020034
In: Toxics. MDPI: Basel. e-ISSN 2305-6304, more
Peer reviewed article  

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Keywords
    Haliaeetus albicilla (Linnaeus, 1758) [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    emerging contaminants; bisphenols; benzophenone UV filters; raptor biomonitoring; white-tailed eagle; liver

Authors  Top 
  • Oró-Nolla, B.
  • Lacorte, S.
  • Vike-Jonas, K.
  • Gonzalez, S.V.
  • Nygard, T.
  • Asimakopoulos, A.G.
  • Jaspers, V.L.B., more

Abstract
    There is a growing concern about the occurrence of bisphenols and benzophenone UV filters in natural ecosystems, while data are limited regarding their actual occurrence in wildlife species, especially in raptors. In this study, concentrations of bisphenol and benzophenone UV filter analogues were determined in liver tissue samples (n = 38) from white-tailed eagles (Haliaeetus albicilla) that were found dead in Smøla (2006–2018), which is a Norwegian municipality that holds one of the densest breeding populations of white-tailed eagles in Europe. Bisphenol AF (BPAF; a fluorinated analogue) was the most ubiquitous contaminant since it was detected in 32 liver samples at concentrations ranging from 1.08 to 6.68 ng/g wet weight (w.w.), followed by bisphenol A (BPA, mean 10.4 ng/g w.w.), benzophenone-1 (BzP-1, mean 3.24 ng/g w.w.), and 4-hydroxybenzophenone (4-OH-BzP, mean 0.62 ng/g w.w.). The concentrations found in livers suggested that white-tailed eagles potentially accumulate bisphenols and benzophenone UV filters, which raises concern, as these plastic and personal care product-related emerging contaminants can show endocrine-disrupting properties. The high detection frequency of the fluorinated BPAF warrants further attention as other fluorinated compounds have proven to be extremely persistent and potentially harmful to wildlife.

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