DNA barcoding als methode voor het opsporen van mislabelling bij visserijproducten
Pollet, C. (2017). DNA barcoding als methode voor het opsporen van mislabelling bij visserijproducten. BSc Thesis. Howest (Hogeschool West-Vlaanderen): Brugge. 70 pp.
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Document type: Dissertation
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| Abstract |
Fishery and aquaculture products are an important food source for humans. One of the major concerns in the seafood trading is renaming and mislabelling of species. Mislabelling involves providing inaccurate information about the identification of the product, most often because the product is a cheaper or a more easily available species. The results of which include degradation of fisheries resources, consumer losses, undermining of the ecological market, and the adverse effects on human health. This paper examines the application of the correct commercial and scientific names and the authenticity of 70 Belgian seafood samples using DNA barcoding. Furthermore, the focus of this research is the optimization of the DNA barcoding method to identify a greater range of seafood species on the Belgian market. The fresh, frozen and processed seafood samples were purchased from different Belgian supermarkets and retailers. The extracted DNA, using the Spin Column method and the Chelex method, was used for amplification of the mitochondrial COI, cytb and 16S rRNA and the nuclear rhod genes. The obtained PCR products were then loaded on a 1,5 % agarosegel. After electrophoresis the PCR products that result in one band were purified. The purified fragments were then send to Macrogen Europe Laboratories for Sanger sequencing. The resulting sequences are further processed with BioNumerics 7.6 software and analyzed with the BLAST tool in the NCBI database. After identification of the seafood products the usage of the commercial designation and the scientific name on the package was checked using the World Register of Marine Species and the Policy Informative Note: Scientific and trade names for fishery and aquaculture products on the Belgian market. The DNA barcoding method revealed that the use of 16S rRNA primers yielded the most identifications of fishes, bivalves, crustaceans and cephalopods. The 16S rRNA primers do not always provide identification to species level, which makes the use of other primers necessary. Of the examined seafood samples in this study, 52 % contained an invalid or an unacceptable commercial designation or scientific name and 6 % of these species were genetically mislabelled. The retail chains should be supported more so that the last accepted commercial designation or scientific names can be applied. The use of one name per species could provide a solution for better traceability and transparency in the fisheries sector. |
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