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Comparative effects and metabolism of two microcystins and nodularin in the brine shrimp Artemia salina
Beattie, K.A.; Ressler, J.; Wiegand, C.; Krause, E.; Codd, G.A.; Steinberg, C.E.W.; Pflugmacher, S. (2003). Comparative effects and metabolism of two microcystins and nodularin in the brine shrimp Artemia salina. Aquat. Toxicol. 62(3): 219-226. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0166-445X(02)00091-7
In: Aquatic Toxicology. Elsevier Science: Tokyo; New York; London; Amsterdam. ISSN 0166-445X; e-ISSN 1879-1514, more
Peer reviewed article  

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Keywords
    Enzymes > Coenzymes
    Materials > Hazardous materials > Biological poisons
    Artemia Leach, 1819 [WoRMS]; Artemia salina (Linnaeus, 1758) [WoRMS]
    Marine/Coastal

Authors  Top 
  • Beattie, K.A.
  • Ressler, J.
  • Wiegand, C.
  • Krause, E.
  • Codd, G.A., more
  • Steinberg, C.E.W.
  • Pflugmacher, S., correspondent

Abstract
    The toxicity and metabolism of the cyanobacterial toxins microcystin-LR (MCLR), Dhb-microcystin-HtyR and nodularin were investigated in the cysts, nauplii and adults of the brine shrimp Artemia salina. The presence of the phase II detoxication system glutathione S-transferase (sGST) in these stages was shown using different substrates. Exposure of adult A. salina to the toxins led to an elevation of GST activity in vivo. All three toxins were conjugated to glutathione via GST, which has been shown as an initial step of microcystin and nodularin detoxication.

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