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Multi-scale evaluation of a 3D lake model forced by an atmospheric model against standard monitoring data
Amadori, M.; Giovannini, L.; Toffolon, M.; Piccolroaz, S.; Zardi, D.; Bresciani, M.; Giardino, C.; Luciani, G.; Kliphuis, M.; van Haren, H.; Dijkstra, H.A. (2021). Multi-scale evaluation of a 3D lake model forced by an atmospheric model against standard monitoring data. Environ. Model. Softw. 139: 105017. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsoft.2021.105017
In: Environmental Modelling & Software. Elsevier: Oxford. ISSN 1364-8152; e-ISSN 1873-6726, more
Peer reviewed article  

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Author keywords
    Numerical simulation; WRF; Delft3D; Water temperature; Wind; Remote sensing

Authors  Top 
  • Amadori, M.
  • Giovannini, L.
  • Toffolon, M.
  • Piccolroaz, S.
  • Zardi, D.
  • Bresciani, M.
  • Giardino, C.
  • Luciani, G.
  • Kliphuis, M.
  • van Haren, H., more
  • Dijkstra, H.A.

Abstract
    Evaluating a three-dimensional lake model requires large datasets of many variables, including velocity fields, that are seldom available. Here we discuss how to assess the performance of a model at multiple scales (in time and space) with data from standard monitoring systems, i.e., mostly limited to water temperature. The modeling chain consists of a lake hydrodynamic model (Delft3D-Flow) forced by an atmospheric model (WRF, Weather Research and Forecasting). The two models are tested on the case study of Lake Garda (Italy), where a comprehensive dataset of atmospheric and water temperature observations is available. Results show that a consistent picture of the inherent dynamics can be reproduced from a heterogeneous set of water temperature data, by distilling information across diverse spatial and temporal scales. The choice of the performance metrics and their limitations are discussed, with a focus on the procedures adopted to manage and homogenize data, visualize results and identify sources of error.

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