Skip to main content
Publications | Persons | Institutes | Projects
[ report an error in this record ]basket (0): add | show Print this page

2021: Ocean, cryosphere and sea level change.
Fox-Kemper, B.; Hewitt, H.T.; Xiao, C.; Aðalgeirsdóttir, G.; Drijfhout, S.S.; Edwards, T.L.; Golledge, N.R.; Hemer, M.; Kopp, R.E.; Krinner, G.; Mix, A.; Notz, D.; Nowicki, S.; Nurhati, I.S.; Ruiz, L.; Sallée, J.-B.; Slangen, A.B.A.; Yu, Y. (2021). 2021: Ocean, cryosphere and sea level change., in: Masson-Delmotte, V. et al.[s.d.] IPCC, 2021: Climate Change 2021: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

https://www.ipcc.ch/report/ar6/wg1/downloads/report/IPCC_AR6_WGI_Chapter_09.pdf
In: Masson-Delmotte, V. et al. (2021). IPCC, 2021: Climate Change 2021: the physical science basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press: Cambridge. , more

Available in  Authors 

Authors  Top 
  • Fox-Kemper, B.
  • Hewitt, H.T.
  • Xiao, C.
  • Aðalgeirsdóttir, G.
  • Drijfhout, S.S.
  • Edwards, T.L.
  • Golledge, N.R.
  • Hemer, M.
  • Kopp, R.E.
  • Krinner, G.
  • Mix, A.
  • Notz, D.
  • Nowicki, S.
  • Nurhati, I.S.
  • Ruiz, L.
  • Sallée, J.-B.
  • Slangen, A.B.A., more
  • Yu, Y.

Abstract
    This chapter assesses past and projected changes in the ocean, cryosphere and sea level using paleo reconstructions, instrumental observations and model simulations. In the following summary, we update and expand the related assessments from the IPCC Fifth Assessment Report (AR5), the Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5ºC (SR1.5) and the Special Report on Ocean and Cryosphere in a Changing Climate (SROCC). Major advances in this chapter since the SROCC include the synthesis of extended and new observations, which allows for improved assessment of past change, processes and budgets for the last century, and the use of a hierarchy of models and emulators, which provide improved projections and uncertainty estimates of future change. In addition, the systematic use of model emulators makes our projections of ocean heat content, land-ice loss and sea level rise fully consistent both with each other and with the assessed equilibrium climate sensitivity and projections of global surface air temperature across the entire report. In this executive summary, uncertainty ranges are reported as very likely ranges and expressed by square brackets, unless otherwise noted.

All data in the Integrated Marine Information System (IMIS) is subject to the VLIZ privacy policy Top | Authors