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Influential feeding dynamics of sharks and mathematical formulas to estimate the power of biting by morphological data
Goharimanesh, M.; Ghassemzadeh, F.; Goharimanesh, M. (2015). Influential feeding dynamics of sharks and mathematical formulas to estimate the power of biting by morphological data. Progress in Biological Sciences 5(2): 195-205. https://dx.doi.org/10.22059/pbs.2015.56015
In: Progress in Biological Sciences. University of Tehran Press: Tehran. ISSN 1016-1058; e-ISSN 2228-7833, more
Peer reviewed article  

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Keyword
    Marine/Coastal
Author keywords
    bite force; feeding dynamics; prebranchial length; Torque; shark 

Authors  Top 
  • Goharimanesh, M., more
  • Ghassemzadeh, F.
  • Goharimanesh, M.

Abstract
    The mouths of some bony and cartilaginous fishes are located in the anterior part of their
    bodies, with a slight variation in sharks, which have theirs located in the abdominal part. This
    variation is evolutionary over time. The force exerted by the jaws of sharks in order to
    dismember their prey can be examined from two origins: .The determined force exerted by teeth
    and muscles and the force as a result of torque arm through jaw distance. Although sharks apply
    less force compared to crocodile, their sharp teeth and mouth position provides much stronger
    effect. Moreover, several species are characterized with heavier upper jaw and this enhances the
    power. A mouth located in the anterior part of the body would have less force exerted. On the
    contrary, human jaw is shorter, which applies much more force. This paper relates the prebranchial
    length and power with preying strength. According to this survey, a couple of predators were considered in terms of their mouth position, as well as different kind of feeding and ecological characteristics. Morphological data on several sharks were extracted and evaluated by MATLAB software to prove the following deductive hypothesis. The more the support distance (prebranchial length) to concentrated force was, the stronger the shark preyed on animals. The amount of torque had significant relationship with the lever distance and concentrated force. Besides, several formulas have been recommended to estimate the bite force and torque based on morphological characteristics.

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