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Androstadienetrione, a boldenone-like component, detected in cattle faeces with GC-MSn and LC-MSn
Poelmans, S.; De Wasch, K.; Noppe, H.; Van Hoof, N.; Van De wiele, M.; Courtheyn, D.; Gillis, W.; Vanthemsche, P.; Janssen, C.R.; De Brabander, H.F. (2005). Androstadienetrione, a boldenone-like component, detected in cattle faeces with GC-MSn and LC-MSn. Food Addit. Contam. 22(9): 798-807. https://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02652030500239508
In: Food Additives and Contaminants. Taylor & Francis: London. ISSN 0265-203X; e-ISSN 1464-5122, more
Peer reviewed article  
Available in  Authors 
Keywords
    Corticosteroids
    Metabolites
    Prednisolone
    Fresh water
Authors  Top 
  • Poelmans, S., more
  • De Wasch, K., more
  • Noppe, H., more
  • Van Hoof, N.
  • Van De wiele, M., more
  • Courtheyn, D.
  • Gillis, W.
  • Vanthemsche, P.
  • Janssen, C.R., more
  • De Brabander, H.F., more
Abstract
    Boldenone (1,4-androstadiene-17-ol-3-one, Bol) has been the subject of a heated debate because of ongoing confusion about its endogenous or exogenous origin when detected in one of its forms in faecal or urine samples from cattle. An expert report was recently written on the presence and metabolism of Bol in various animal species. Androstadienedione (ADD) is a direct precursor of 17beta-boldenone (betaBol). It is a 3,17-dione; ßBol is a 17-ol-3-one. Not much is published on 1,4-androstadiene-3,17-diol, which is a 3,17-diol (ADL). If animals were exposed for a longer period to one of these analytes, a metabolic pathway would be initiated to eliminate these compounds. Similar to recent testosterone metabolism studies in the aquatic invertebrate Neomysis integer , ADD, ßBol and ADL could also be eliminated as hydroxymetabolites after exposure. The presence of 11-keto-steroids or 11-hydroxy-metabolites in faecal samples can interfere with a confirmation method by gas chromatography-negative chemical ionization mass spectrometry (GC-NCI-MS), after oxidation of corticosteroids with a double bond in the A-ring (e.g. prednisolone or its metabolite prednisone). The presence of androstadienetrione (ADT) in faecal samples of cattle has never been reported. The origin of its presence can be explained through different pathways, which are presented in this paper.
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