Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the identification of organobrominated compounds in bluefin tuna
Pena-Abaurrea, M.; Covaci, A.; Ramos, L. (2011). Comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry for the identification of organobrominated compounds in bluefin tuna. J. Chromatogr. 1218(39): 6995-7002. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2011.08.031
In: Journal of Chromatography A. Elsevier: Amsterdam. ISSN 0021-9673; e-ISSN 1873-3778, more
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| Author keywords |
GC x GC; ToF MS; Organobromines; Emergent contaminants; Identification;Fish analysis |
| Authors | | Top |
- Pena-Abaurrea, M.
- Covaci, A., more
- Ramos, L.
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| Abstract |
This study evaluates comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC × GC) coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC–ToF MS) for the simultaneous analysis of several classes of organobromines (OBs), including polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polybrominated biphenyls (PBBs), methoxylated PBDEs (MeO-PBDEs), several halogenated naturally produced compounds (HNPs) and eight novel brominated flame retardants (NBFRs), polybrominated hexahydroxanthene derivates (PBHDs), 2,4,6-tribromoanisole and a mixed halogenated compound (MHC-1), in bluefin tuna muscles. The proposed methodology maximised separation of both within and among OB families, and among these and other halogenated micropollutants detected in these samples and co-extracted matrix components. Special attention has been paid to solve co-elution problems observed during the analysis of OBs with one-dimensional GC-based techniques. Satisfactory separation among several relevant PBDEs and MeO-PBDEs has been obtained allowing their unambiguous determination in a single run. Additional studies were conducted to identify selected NBFRs and HNPs. 2,4-Dibromoanisole, a dibromophenol isomer and hexabromobenzene were identified in the investigated samples. Several new tri- and tetra-BHD derivates were also identified, indicating that these compounds could apparently exist as structured families in nature. In addition, a tetrabrominated diMeO-biphenyl and two tetrabrominated diMeO-BDEs were also tentatively identified. |
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