UV-filters and musk fragrances in seafood commercialized in Europe Union: occurrence, risk and exposure assessment
Cunha, S.C.; Trabalón, L.; Jacobs, S.; Castro, M.; Fernandez-Tejedor, M.; Granby, K.; Verbeke, W.; Kwadijk, C.; Ferrari, F.; Robbens, J.; Sioen, I.; Pocurull, E.; Fernandes, J.O.; Domingo, J.L. (2018). UV-filters and musk fragrances in seafood commercialized in Europe Union: occurrence, risk and exposure assessment. Environ. Res. 161: 399-408. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.envres.2017.11.015
In: Environmental Research. Elsevier: Amsterdam. ISSN 0013-9351; e-ISSN 1096-0953, more
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| Keywords |
Pisces [WoRMS]
Marine/Coastal |
| Author keywords |
Fish; UV-filters; Musk fragrances; Occurrence; Risk assessment; GC-MS/MS |
| Authors | | Top |
- Cunha, S.C.
- Trabalón, L.
- Jacobs, S., more
- Castro, M.
- Fernandez-Tejedor, M.
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- Granby, K.
- Verbeke, W., more
- Kwadijk, C., more
- Ferrari, F.
- Robbens, J., more
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- Sioen, I., more
- Pocurull, E.
- Marques, A., illustrator
- Fernandes, J.O.
- Domingo, J.L.
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| Abstract |
In the framework of the FP7 ECsafeSeafood project, 62 seafood samples commercialized in Europe Union from several representative species - mackerel, tuna, salmon, seabream, cod, monkfish, crab, shrimp, octopus, perch and plaice - were analysed for residues of 21 personal care products (PCPs), including 11 UV-filters (UV-Fs) and 10 musk fragrances (musks). PCPs analysis were performed by Quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective Rugged, Safe (QuEChERS), combined with liquid-liquid extraction (LLE) or dispersive solid-phase extraction (dSPE), followed by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). The results showed the presence in a wide range of samples of nine out of eleven UV-Fs compounds analysed, namely 2-ethylhexyl salicylate (EHS), 2-ethylhexyl,4-methoxycinnamate (EHMC), 4-methylbenzylidenecamphor (4-MBC), benzophenone-1 (BP1), benzophenone-3 (BP3), isoamy1-4-methoxycinnamate (IMC), 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone (DHMB), homosalate (HS), and octocrylene (OC), whereas galaxolide (HHCB), galaxolide lactone (HHCB-lactone), and tonalide (AHTN) were the most found musks. The potential risks to human health associated with the exposure to eight of the more prevalent PCPs - EHS, EHMC, 4-MBC, BP1, BP3, IMC, HHCB, and AHTN- through seafood consumption were assessed for consumers from five European countries (Belgium, Ireland, Italy, Portugal and Spain). Results showed that the human exposure to UV-Fs and musks estimated from the concentration values found in seafood and the daily consumption of concerned seafood species, were far below toxicological reference values. |
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