Coupled chromatographic and mass-spectrometric techniques for the analysis of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment
Wille, K.; De Brabander, H.F.; De Wulf, E.; Van Caeter, P.; Janssen, C.; Vanhaecke, L. (2012). Coupled chromatographic and mass-spectrometric techniques for the analysis of emerging pollutants in the aquatic environment. Trends Anal. Chem. 35: 87-108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.trac.2011.12.003
In: Trends in Analytical Chemistry. Elsevier: Amsterdam. ISSN 0165-9936; e-ISSN 1879-3142, more
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| Keyword |
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| Author keywords |
Aquatic environment; Chemical of emerging concern (CEC); Chromatography; Coupled technique; Emerging pollutant; Environmental matrix; Extraction procedure; Mass spectrometry; Personal-care product (PCP); Pharmaceutical and personal-care product (PPCP) |
| Abstract |
We present a comprehensive overview of recent developments in analytical chemistry for the most environmentally important groups of chemicals of emerging concern (CECs), including pharmaceuticals and personal-care products, pesticides, steroid hormones, perfluorinated compounds, alkylphenolethoxylates, bisphenol A and phthalates. Due to both the typically very low concentrations at which CECs occur and environmental samples being complex matrices demanding extensive extraction and clean-up procedures, very specific, sensitive analytical procedures are needed.In this context, we discuss state-of-the-art instrumentation for sample preconcentration, analyte separation and detection. We could observe several prominent trends: the common use of liquid chromatography (LC) to allow separation of CECs (instead of gas chromatography); the development and the application of multi-class methods; and, the increasing popularity of high-resolution, full-scan analysis, combined with a trend towards the use of sub-2-µm-particle sizes and high flow rates (ultra-high-performance LC).Overall, due to the recent advances in instrumentation, we could see significant progress in the analytical chemistry of CECs in environmental matrices. |
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