Synergistic effects of co-hydrothermal carbonization of fish and corn waste on hydrochar structure, functionality, and adsorption performance
Siddhartha, T.R.; Anbari, A.P.; RANJBARI, A.; Che, C.A.; Adhikary, K.K.; Ronsse, F.; Heynderickx, P.M. (2026). Synergistic effects of co-hydrothermal carbonization of fish and corn waste on hydrochar structure, functionality, and adsorption performance. Biomass Bioenerg. 208: 108897. https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biombioe.2025.108897
In: Biomass and Bioenergy. Pergamon: Oxford; New York. ISSN 0961-9534; e-ISSN 1873-2909, more
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| Author keywords |
Hydrochar;Marine-based waste conversion;Synergistic material synthesize;Hydrothermal carbonization;adsorbents;removal |
| Authors | | Top |
- Siddhartha, T.R.
- Anbari, A.P.
- RANJBARI, A.
- Che, C.A.
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- Adhikary, K.K.
- Ronsse, F.
- Heynderickx, P.M., more
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| Abstract |
The growing volumes of wet organic waste, particularly from marine and agricultural sectors, present a challenge for sustainable waste management and resource recovery. Co-hydrothermal carbonization (co-HTC) offers a promising pathway to valorize such waste by tuning the physicochemical properties of hydrochar for environmental applications. In this study, fish waste was blended with corn cob in five mass ratios (100:0, 75:25, 50:50, 25:75, and 0:100) and subjected to HTC at 220 degrees C for 6 h (water-to-biomass ratio = 7). The resulting hydrochars were characterized using proximate and elemental analysis, BET surface area (35.2-117.9 m2/g), FTIR spectroscopy, PZC, and TGA to assess structural, chemical, and thermal properties. A balanced 50:50 blend (HC3) achieved a synergistic improvement in adsorption performance, reaching capacities of 1.4 mg/g for doxycycline hyclate, 4.8 mg/g for methyl orange, and 3.7 mg/g for methylene blue-exceeding the average of singlefeedstock hydrochars by more than 4-fold in some cases. Functional group analysis and DFT insights confirmed that HC3 combines the high reactivity of nitrogen-rich fish components with the porosity of lignocellulosic corn residues. These findings demonstrate that feedstock engineering in co-HTC enables the tailored design of hydrochar properties, unlocking new applications in pollutant removal while supporting circular economy strategies for organic waste valorization. |
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